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What are attributes of full grain leather versus top grain leather?

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When hides have been tanned to produce leather it is split to produce a working thickness of leather. The surface of the top split is where the hair would have been on the hide.

If the top surface does not have much damage on it (usually caused by insect damage, brand marks, barbed wire marks etc.) then it can be used as it is and this is called 'full grain'.

If the top surface has to be 'corrected' to enable it to be used then a layer is shaved off to remove the damage. This is than called top grain.

Full grain is the best quality leather there is but it is incorrect to say that top grain is not real leather.

Top grain can be used to make pigment coated leathers, or cn be further sanded to create nubuck.

http://www.LTTsolutions.net

"The difference between full-grain leather and other forms is that the full-grain is top quality. The markings and texture of the hide is what will be seen in the end product. For this reason, no alterations are made to the full-grain leather.

Other leather is often referred to as "top-grain", which should not be confused with "full-grain" as they are completely different. Top-grain leather is not genuine leather, meaning that the true grain has been sanded and imitation grain added into the "leather". When full-grain leather is processed further, it becomes what is known as "nap" or "nabuck." With no protective coat added, wear and tear can happen quickly."

http://www.leathercraftsecrets.com/leatherwork/quality.htm

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